{"id":3892,"date":"2024-12-04T11:34:24","date_gmt":"2024-12-04T10:34:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/basic-documentation-of-the-ges-reference-solution\/"},"modified":"2025-04-01T14:22:30","modified_gmt":"2025-04-01T12:22:30","slug":"basic-documentation-of-the-ges-reference-solution","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/en\/basic-documentation-of-the-ges-reference-solution\/","title":{"rendered":"Basic Documentation of the GES Reference Solution"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/ges-referenzloesung-mockup-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3945\" srcset=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/ges-referenzloesung-mockup-1.png 1024w, https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/ges-referenzloesung-mockup-1-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/ges-referenzloesung-mockup-1-768x576.png 768w, https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/ges-referenzloesung-mockup-1-600x450.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>On behalf of the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), Global Energy Solutions has developed a reference solution for a global climate-neutral and prosperity-creating energy system. It shows a path that enables ten billion people to live in freedom with adequate prosperity in social balance, an intact environment and a stable climate system in the period 2050 to 2070. The reference solution is also based on extensive basis documentation. It consists of a &#8220;Technical Toolbox&#8221; that summarises the state of knowledge on relevant topics in the field of energy and nature-based solutions. Another part, &#8220;Greenhouse Gas Causing Sectors&#8221;, describes the initial situation and options for action in the main greenhouse gas causing sectors. These comprehensive documents are now available on the GES website.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Entire report<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-37388ed8-000e-4845-9f04-f770a5aac665\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/2023-Final-Report-Global-Energy-Perspectives-1.pdf\">2023 &#8211; Final Report &#8211; Global Energy Perspectives<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/2023-Final-Report-Global-Energy-Perspectives-1.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-37388ed8-000e-4845-9f04-f770a5aac665\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Contents<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">0. Table of Contents<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-42ced213-1500-47d1-9c71-e71b6f24343e\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap0-01-Basisdokumentation-Inhaltsverzeichnis.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap0-01-Basisdokumentation-Inhaltsverzeichnis.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-42ced213-1500-47d1-9c71-e71b6f24343e\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Introduction<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-bb4d6f52-36ee-48d8-94c4-54bb3cec8a1f\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap1-01-DE.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap1-01-DE.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-bb4d6f52-36ee-48d8-94c4-54bb3cec8a1f\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Technical toolbox: Production of Climate-Neutral Energy Sources and Avoidance of Greenhouse Gases (list of abbreviations, list of figures, list of tables, bibliography)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-50de47bd-0917-41ce-9b63-7216e5abca28\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Verzeichnisse-Teil-1-DE-Rev.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Verzeichnisse-Teil-1-DE-Rev.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-50de47bd-0917-41ce-9b63-7216e5abca28\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1 Regenerative Generation of Electricity<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-04f2e911-7845-4d70-b24a-0ffce6a7078f\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-01-DE.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-01-DE.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-04f2e911-7845-4d70-b24a-0ffce6a7078f\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2 Generation of Electricity through Nuclear Power<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-2761b0ae-c2ef-413b-9952-c8b3da5e338f\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-02-DE.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-02-DE.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-2761b0ae-c2ef-413b-9952-c8b3da5e338f\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.3 Electricity Storage<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-137bd963-093f-41b9-8c9a-865726377af4\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-03-DE.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-03-DE.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-137bd963-093f-41b9-8c9a-865726377af4\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.4 Hydrogen Production<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-36ef0b8f-efad-4082-828c-f418c70392a4\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-04-DE.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-04-DE.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-36ef0b8f-efad-4082-828c-f418c70392a4\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.5 Transport and Storage of Hydrogen<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-c5360314-855b-4c3f-8136-16f0a47fd531\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-05-DE.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-05-DE.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-c5360314-855b-4c3f-8136-16f0a47fd531\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.6 Production and Use of Hydrogen Derivatives<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-3d527b01-70fc-4789-b81f-5dbdb0b0913c\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-06-DE.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-06-DE.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-3d527b01-70fc-4789-b81f-5dbdb0b0913c\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.7 Climate-Neutral Fuels<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-356d6efe-5497-49d4-84b8-b521ce865688\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-07-DE.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-07-DE.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-356d6efe-5497-49d4-84b8-b521ce865688\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.8 Technical Capture and Storage of CO<sub>2<\/sub> (CCS)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-f155f870-d8b2-47f7-9cbd-91aceb2adad2\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-08-DE.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-08-DE.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-f155f870-d8b2-47f7-9cbd-91aceb2adad2\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.9 Carbon Capture and Usage (CCU)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-cb996427-d682-4916-aeb9-2c4d7d5dd56e\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-09-DE.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-09-DE.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-cb996427-d682-4916-aeb9-2c4d7d5dd56e\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.10 Nature-Based Solutions<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-5e883de0-5dad-4d99-959c-e431f2071b90\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-10-DE.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-10-DE.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-5e883de0-5dad-4d99-959c-e431f2071b90\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.11 Oceans as a Sink for Anthropogenic CO<sub>2<\/sub><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-6ad76e6e-5812-4c30-a5e2-d8f4321220e2\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-11-DE.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-11-DE.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-6ad76e6e-5812-4c30-a5e2-d8f4321220e2\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.12 Greenhouse Gases Other than CO<sub>2<\/sub><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-a913c7b5-e37a-4334-a684-66149b07b376\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-12-DE.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-12-DE.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-a913c7b5-e37a-4334-a684-66149b07b376\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.13 Critical Raw Materials<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-719dbefb-baf2-43cd-afba-aaeb17487550\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-13-DE.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-13-DE.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-719dbefb-baf2-43cd-afba-aaeb17487550\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.14 Energy Transport Infrastructures<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-8f0565a3-2776-4b4c-b9e3-3ff1e2f3c4bf\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-14-DE.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap2-14-DE.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-8f0565a3-2776-4b4c-b9e3-3ff1e2f3c4bf\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Technical toolbox: Major Greenhouse Gas Emitting Sectors (list of abbreviations, list of figures, list of tables, bibliography)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-0c049138-9852-4e23-8e70-753b82b424cd\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Verzeichnisse-Teil-2-DE-Rev.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Verzeichnisse-Teil-2-DE-Rev.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-0c049138-9852-4e23-8e70-753b82b424cd\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 Power Generation from Fossil Fuels<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-5430e61b-2bbd-4e2a-8299-10e256fb3e45\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap3-01-DE-.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap3-01-DE-.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-5430e61b-2bbd-4e2a-8299-10e256fb3e45\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2 Major Process Industries<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-275aaaf5-41d8-4371-9778-bc1101000393\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap3-02-DE-.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap3-02-DE-.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-275aaaf5-41d8-4371-9778-bc1101000393\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3 Traffic<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-8a85a465-3e97-4299-bc23-a10ae88c5529\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap3-03-DE-.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-Report-Kap3-03-DE-.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-8a85a465-3e97-4299-bc23-a10ae88c5529\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.4 Housing &amp; Buildings<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-696b5daa-b095-40a8-a441-4a1cda79b3b1\" href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-report-Chap-3-04-EN.pdf\">View<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/BMZ-report-Chap-3-04-EN.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-696b5daa-b095-40a8-a441-4a1cda79b3b1\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On behalf of the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), Global Energy Solutions has developed a reference solution for a global climate-neutral and prosperity-creating energy system. It shows a path that enables ten billion people to live in freedom with adequate prosperity in social balance, an intact environment and a stable climate [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3892","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3892","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3892"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3892\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6207,"href":"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3892\/revisions\/6207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/global-energy-solutions.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3892"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}