In order to be competitive, the production of green hydrogen requires very favourable electricity production costs. This is not the case in Germany. Due to the lack of cost-effective base-load power plants and the system costs of the volatility of PV and wind power plants, domestic green hydrogen will remain expensive in the future. Prices below nine euros per kilogramme of hydrogen are not to be expected. The alternative is to import green and blue hydrogen. It may also be possible to use blue hydrogen produced in Germany. The background paper by Thomas Frewer, Thomas Maetzel and Christof von Branconi explains the hurdles and what needs to be done:
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