The conclusion: For the desired climate neutrality, Europe will have to import considerable shares of the required energy in the future as well. For distances of a few thousand kilometres, converted or new pipelines will play an important role. Because of the very large energy demand, however, transport as a derivative will also become important – for example from Chile or Australia, where the conditions for the production of climate-friendly hydrogen are particularly favourable. A technology transfer to economically weaker export countries as well as access to finance are essential for developing and emerging countries if they want to obtain hydrogen from there. From a European perspective, this applies above all to Africa.