An excerpt: The fixation on green hydrogen in steel production could get Germany’s industry into serious trouble. Discussing a climate-friendly steel industry, GES recommends considering CO2-elimination pathways other than direct reduction with hydrogen. Especially on an international level, supplementing the existing blast furnace route with CCS or CCU seems to be a promising path. This is because the extremely expensive conversion to direct reduction is not a realistic option in China and other developing and emerging countries.